• Diameter inside the endotracheal tube (2):
• Frühgeborene: nicht gecufft: Gestationsalter in Wochen/10.
• Reife Neugeborene: nicht gecufft: 3.5.
• Säuglinge: nicht gecufft: 3.5-4.0, gecufft: 3.0-3.5.
• Kind 1-2. LJ: nicht gecufft: 4.0-4.5, gecufft: 3.5-4.0.
• Kind >2. LJ: nicht gecufft: (Alter/4)+4, gecufft: Alter/4+3.5.
  
• Tubustiefe:
• oral (in cm): (Alter/2)+12; oder bis zum Alter von 12 Jahren: 3xInnendurchmesser (2).
• nasal (in cm): (Alter/2)+15.
  
• Weight: (2 x age)+4 = weight in kg (2).

Treatment (1):

• Ventilation: for children <10 kg, adequate tidal volume are achieved with peak inspiratory pressure of 15-18 cmH2O. For larger children the volume control ventilation may be used and tidal volumes may be set at 8-10 ml/kg.
• Fluids are given according to the 4:2:1-rule. Preoperative fluid deficits are typically administred with hourly maintenance requirements in aliquots of 50% in the first hour and 25% in the second and third hour.
• Laryngospasm: lidocain, succinylcholine or rocuronium.
• Postintubation croup: dexamethasone iv or inhalation of nebulized epinephrine.

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